Telefonica

Company Snapshot: 

Telefónica, S.A. is one of the largest telecommunications companies worldwide. Based in Spain Telefónica owns and operates neumerious fixed-line and mobile communications companies around the globe; of the five major telecommunications companies worldwide Telefónica is second in terms of clients and in 2007 ranked fourth behind China Mobile, AT&T, and Vodafone in market value.

Global Fortune 500 position: 
77
Ownership status: 
Publicly traded
Number of employees worldwide: 
220,000
Chief executive officer: 
César Alierta
Corporate accountability
Accountability overview: 

Europe

Telefónica has received several fines due to convictions over unfair competition, abuse of its condition as dominant provider, and antitrust violations through the Commission of Telecomunications, European Commission, and Spanish tribunals. These fines include: 900,000 euro fine, Spanish tribunals, 18 million euro fine, Spanish Telecommunication Market commission, 57 million in 2004 for unfair competition, and 151,9 million euro by European Commission for abusing of its dominant position. This last fine is the biggest fine on the history of the European for Defence of the Compentence tribunal imposed to any entity on his whole history. Now Telefonica has in court two more fines, with a value of 793 million euros.

Several consumer groups in Spain have reported unnecessary delays to cancel Telefonica's ADSL service. Those consumer groups also claim that services are billed to them after being canceled. They also claim that cancellations of services are ignored. This has led Spanish people to organize themselves in consumer groups like "Asociación de Internautas" or user communities like "Bandaancha" in order to defend them from Telefónica's abuses, giving support and help to diverse reclamations against bad practices of Telefónica. Those practices include the complex process to cancel the line. These procedures to cancel the line are justified by Telefonica as a way of "defending customers against jokes" or "lines down and awaiting repair". In areas where ADSL lines are scarce, there are also reports of customers that claim to have had their service cancelled and given to another customer for unknown reasons despite paying their bills. This practice is considered by some to be used by Telefonica in certain areas of Spain where there are few broadband connections. That is, when there are not enough connections for each customer in a certain area, one of the old customers has his connection cancel led in order to give it to a new one.

South America

Telefónica has been continually targeted by more recent governments in South America because of its monopolistic business practices, due to the evidence of bribery and underhanded legal agreements when originally entering the markets in association with corrupt governments. Most of the administrations which allowed Telefónica entry into South American markets have been unmasked as corrupt and prone to bribery, a situation which, according to investigators, Telefónica took advantage of. To wit, Fujimori in Peru, Menem in Argentina, etc.

The problem lies in the fact that these administrations allowed Telefónica enormous latitude in the agreements, effectively giving them the power to operate above the law in some situations (for example, assigning or loaning land lines in Peru; where other companies must go through a lengthy approval process, Telefónica is able to unilaterally add or remove land lines at will). With the return to democracy, these nations have been attempting to resolve this situation and reach more balanced agreements with the company; however, Telefónica now takes advantage of the transparency and legality of these new governments and is reticent to give up any powers it gained with the older administrations.

Anti-competitive and consumer protection: 

From September 2001 to December 2006, the margin between Telefónica's retail prices and the prices for wholesale broadband access at both the national and regional levels was insufficient to cover the costs that an operator as efficient as Telefónica would have to incur to provide retail broadband access.

Wholesale access at national level allows alternative operators to offer retail broadband services throughout the Spanish territory without having to roll out any (or hardly any) network by connecting to a single, "national" access point. Wholesale access at the regional level requires that alternative operators roll out a costly network reaching up to 109 "regional" access points. Telefónica is dominant in the provision of both types of access.

The margin squeeze that Telefónica imposed on its competitors is a very serious infringement of Article 82 of the EC Treaty, which outlaws the abuse of a dominant position on a market. The impact of the abuse in the form of obstacles to the entry of competitors in this growing market of great importance for society as a whole, and the accompanying harm caused to domestic and business customers was considerable.

History

The Compañia Telefónica Nacional de España was incorporated on 19 April 1924 as a public limited company. Its share capital totalled one million pesetas represented by 2,000 ordinary shares and was held by the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation (ITT) of New York.

Today, Telefónica is one of the leading integrated telecommunications operators worldwide in the provision of communications, information and entertainment solutions, with a presence in Europe and Latin America. In September 2007 the number of Telefónica customers exceeded 218 million.

    * In Spain, the group has more than 80 years’ experience since it was incorporated in 1924, providing service to more than 45 million customers in June 2007.

    * In Latin America, where the company commenced its international expansion in the 90s, the company provides services to more than 126 million customers, ranking it as the leader in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru and with large-scale operations in Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela.

    * In Europe, following the incorporation of the assets of O2 and Çesky Telecom in 2005, the company is present in the UK, Ireland, Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, where it handles more than 40 million accesses.
Extended historical overview here.

Financial information
Stock ticker symbol: 
ADR
Total revenue: 
14,188.00 Million EUR
Fiscal year: 
2007
Net Income: 
4,018.00 Million EUR
Fiscal year: 
2007
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